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Unauthorized Practice of Public Adjusting 

 What is the Unauthorized Practice of Public Adjusting?

Commonly referred to as "UPPA", the unauthorized practice of public adjusting is when someone who is not a licensed Public Adjuster or attorney steps into the role of representing a policyholder on an insurance claim.

This usually means giving claim advice, interpreting insurance coverage, or negotiating with the insurance company for a fee. 

When you file an insurance claim, you may interact with contractors, consultants, estimators, engineers, or other third parties. While many of these professionals play an important role in the repair process, only a licensed Public Adjuster or attorney is legally permitted to represent an insured in the preparation, presentation, or negotiation of an insurance claim for a fee.

Being aware of UPPA helps protect you, your claim, and your rights under your insurance policy.

UPPA can negatively impact your claim in several ways:

  • Coverage decisions may be compromised if unlicensed parties attempt to interpret policy language.
  • Your claim strategy may be weakened by advice from individuals who are not trained or authorized to advocate for you.
  • You may unknowingly violate policy conditions by relying on improper guidance.
  • There is little accountability or consumer protection when working with unlicensed representatives.

Ultimately, UPPA puts insureds at risk of delayed claims, underpaid settlements, or disputes that could have been avoided.

A licensed Public Adjuster is authorized to:

  • Interpret insurance policy language on your behalf
  • Advise you on coverage, scope, and claim strategy
  • Prepare, present, and negotiate your claim with the insurance company
  • Represent your interests exclusively—not the insurer’s

Public Adjusters are regulated by the state, held to ethical standards, and required to act in the best interest of the insured.

Be cautious if a contractor, consultant, or vendor:

  • Tells you what your policy does or does not cover
  • Advises you on how to argue coverage or damages with the insurer
  • Communicates directly with your insurance company about claim scope or payment
  • Positions themselves as your “advocate” or “claim representative”
  • Requests a percentage of your insurance settlement for “claim help”

These activities may constitute UPPA.

Ask whether anyone offering claim-related advice is a licensed Public Adjuster.

  • Verify licenses through your state’s insurance department
  • Understand the difference between estimating repairs and representing a claim
  • Consider engaging a licensed Public Adjuster if you want professional representation
  • Keep claim advocacy and repair work separate

Knowledge is one of the strongest tools you have as a policyholder.

   NAPIA's Commitment to Policyholders

We believe insureds deserve transparency, lawful representation, and fair treatment throughout the claims process. Educating policyholders about UPPA is part of ensuring that your claim is handled properly—from start to finish.

If you have questions about who is legally allowed to represent you, we encourage you to "Contact Us" to seek guidance. 

Resources By State

State by State Information - How to report UPPA